2018/9/11 17:14:00
什么是情緒語言
所有人都能夠發(fā)出同樣的聲音。然而，每種語言都有自己的特殊使用方式。正如每種語言遵循不同的語法規(guī)則，它也使用不同的聲音來表達情感，盡管有些似乎比其他語言似乎更相似。根據(jù)我們的母語，一些聲音或多或少是熟悉的，或多或少難以發(fā)音和識別。
All humans are able to make the same sounds. However, each language has its own particular way of employing them. Just as each language follows different grammatical rules, it also uses different sounds to express emotion, though some may seem more similar than others. Depending on our mother tongue, some sounds will be more or less familiar and more or less difficult to pronounce and recognize.
回想起每種語言描述不同文化現(xiàn)實的想法，人們想知道沒有可識別詞語的表達情感的聲音會發(fā)生什么。也就是說，這些非語言發(fā)聲不僅僅是簡單的聲音，而是用來傳達感情或意圖。我們可以通過語言之間的非語言發(fā)音來識別情感狀態(tài)嗎？
Going back to the idea that each language describes a different cultural reality, one wonders what happens with sounds that express emotions without recognizable words. That is, those non-verbal vocalizations that are more than simple sounds and that we use to communicate feelings or intensions. Can we recognize emotional states through non-verbal vocalizations between languages?
雖然這些不是由詞匯規(guī)則定義的，但在很多情況下，很容易被認可，如哭泣或笑聲，表達幸福，厭惡，恐懼和驚喜的聲音可以說是什么？（僅舉幾例）。
Although these are not defined by lexical rules, and in many cases are easily recognized, such as a cry or laughter, what can be said about the sounds that express happiness, disgust, fear and surprise? (Just to name a few).
美國國家科學(xué)院 發(fā)表了一項研究，比較了兩個不同的人口，即美國人和被稱為Himba人的土著部落群體。對于跨文化的情感驅(qū)動的聲音的看法，有一些非常好奇的觀點。以下是采訪記錄，其中顯示了我們的看法有何不同：
A study was published by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, where two separate populations were compared, namely, Americans and an indigenous tribal group known as the Himba people. Some very curious observations were made in terms of the perception of emotionally driven sounds across cultures. What follows is a transcript of an interview which shows just how different our perceptions can be:
（SOUNDBITE OF SHRIEK）
VEDANTAM：...美國人怎么聽？
VEDANTAM: …How did Americans hear that?
GENDRON：大多數(shù)美國人聽到 害怕，害怕，震驚或沮喪。
GENDRON: Most Americans heard it as scared, afraid,
shocked or frustrated. VEDANTAM：那個Himba呢，麗莎呢？
VEDANTAM: And what about the Himba, Lisa?
BARRETT：Himba會說這個人正在哭泣死亡，這個人在痛苦地尖叫起來。
BARRETT: The Himba would say this person is crying about a death, this person is screaming in pain.
VEDANTAM： 痛苦和悲傷，不要害怕或震驚。
VEDANTAM: Pain and grief, not fear or shock.
在美國人聽到恐懼或沮喪的情況下，Himba部落聽到痛苦和痛苦。因此，得出的結(jié)論是，一些復(fù)雜的情緒（例如，驕傲）可能難以識別，因為它們表示某些文化細微差別，但是基本情緒（例如悲傷，憤怒和驚喜）的發(fā)聲容易識別。好的消息是，即使你不懂語言，你仍然可以理解人的情感和意圖，反之亦然，沒有翻譯者。
Where Americans heard fear or frustration, the Himba tribe heard pain and suffering. Thus, it was concluded that some complex emotions (e.g., pride) may be difficult to identify because they denote certain cultural nuances, but that vocalizations of basic emotions (e.g., sadness, anger and surprise) are easily recognizable. The good news, then, is that even if you don’t know a language, you can still understand the emotions and intentions of people, and vice versa, without a translator.
——選自：樂文翻譯
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