2018/9/17 14:26:00
翻譯公司翻譯文學著作需要注意什么問題
學術著作的翻譯要求譯文的內容和體例忠實于原文，尤其是正文方面，較長遇見的問題有十個，下面樂文翻譯為大家介紹這十個需要注意的問題都包含哪些？
The translation of academic works requires that the content and style of the translated text be faithful to the original text, especially the text. There are ten long-standing problems encountered. What are the ten important questions that need attention?
1.術語翻譯
1. terminology translation
專業術語翻譯須準確無誤，并盡量采用國內通用譯法。
The translation of professional terms must be accurate and the common translation method should be adopted as far as possible.
2.人名、地名等專有名詞的處理
2. handling of proper nouns such as names, place names, etc.
學術作品與一般文學作品不同，專有名詞應按一定規范予以統一，以便于學術傳播和交流。
Academic works are different from general literary works, so proper nouns should be unified according to certain norms in order to facilitate academic communication and exchange.
在處理人名翻譯時，目前一般使用新華社譯名資料組編、商務印書館出版的姓名譯名手冊，如《英語姓名譯名手冊》《德語姓名譯名手冊》《法語姓名譯名手冊》。地名則以商務印書館、中國地圖出版社出版的《外國地名譯名手冊》為準，或者以中國地圖出版社最新出版的地圖或最新版《辭海》為準。
In dealing with the translation of names, the general use of Xinhua News Agency translation materials compilation, business publication of the name translation manual, such as the English Name Translation Manual, German Name Translation Manual, French Name Translation Manual. Place names are subject to the Manual of Translation of Foreign Place Names published by the Commercial Press and China Map Publishing House, or to the latest map published by China Map Publishing House or the latest edition of Cihai.
3.標點符號的用法
3. usage of punctuation marks
標點符號應根據中文翻譯句式和語法作調整，不必完全拘泥于原文。如很多法學著作，作者為嚴謹起見喜用長句，中文翻譯切不可完全照搬，一逗到底。標點書寫格式一律按照中文格式。若出現中外文混雜的句子，可以根據具體情況選擇標點。
Punctuation should be adjusted according to the Chinese translation of sentence patterns and grammar, without having to rigidly adhere to the original text. For example, in many jurisprudence works, the author prefers to use long sentences for the sake of strictness, and Chinese translation should not be completely copied. Punctuation writing format is in Chinese format. If there are mixed sentences in Chinese and foreign languages, punctuation can be chosen according to the specific circumstances.
4.圖表的處理
4. processing of charts and tables
圖表中的文字內容一定要完整譯出，畫面或照片中的特定外文可以不譯出。需要提醒譯者注意：圖表下的出處說明文字，處理方法同注釋及參考文獻。較復雜的圖表，可以與編輯協商由出版社制作，譯者譯出圖表中的文字即可。
The text in the chart must be completely translated, and the specific foreign language in the picture or photograph can not be translated. It is necessary to remind the translator of the source text, processing methods and annotations and references. Complicated charts can be produced by the publishing house in consultation with the editor, and the translator can translate the words in the charts.
5.世紀和年代的用法
5. Usage in thecentury and the ages
建議使用阿拉伯數字表示具體的世紀和年代，如20世紀80年代，不推薦使用“1980年代”。對于年代模糊的說法，正確的用法是：二十世紀六七十年代。錯誤用法：20世紀六七十年代或20世紀60、70年代。
It is recommended that Arabic numerals be used to represent specific centuries and ages, such as the 1980s, and that the 1980s be not recommended. For the vague term, the correct usage is 60s and 70s twentieth Century. Wrong usage: twentieth Century, 60s and 70s or twentieth Century 60 and 70s.
6.斜體的翻譯方法
6. translation of italics
外文著作中常有斜體，表示不同的含義，翻譯處理時應該根據不同情況予以處理。如果斜體表示強調，則中文加著重號或者黑體表示；如果斜體屬于整段或整句引用，則中文使用區別于正文的字體；如果斜體表示書名或文章名，中文加書名號；如果斜體表示案例名，原則上不譯出，如果譯出，中文加雙引號；如果斜體表示拉丁文或者其他不常用的古文字，中文格式、字體均不變，只需在其翻譯后將拉丁文單詞放在括號中（使用斜體）。
In foreign language works, italics are often used to denote different meanings, which should be dealt with according to different situations. If the italics indicate emphasis, the Chinese characters are highlighted or bold; if the italics belong to the whole paragraph or the whole sentence reference, the Chinese characters use a font different from the text; if the italics indicate the title of the book or the title of the article, the Chinese characters add the title of the book; if the italics indicate the name of the case, it will not be translated in principle; if translated, the Chinese characters add double quotation marks. If italics denote Latin or other unusual ancient Chinese characters, the Chinese format and font remain unchanged, just put the Latin words in brackets (using italics) after their translation.
7.縮寫樣式的表示
7. representation of abbreviation style
原文中出現的重要名稱，如果帶有縮寫式，在第一次出現時注明原文全稱，同時附上縮寫式。如原文提到“Low Development Countries （LDCs）”時，應譯為“欠發達國家”（Low Development Countries，LDCs）。
An important name appearing in the original, if abbreviated, is marked with the full name of the original and abbreviated at the first appearance. As the original reference to "Low Development Countries (LDCs)" should be translated as "Low Development Countries (LDCs).
8.原作引文的處理
8. processing of quotations from original works
對于原作中出現的引文，如果出自經典著作，且該經典著作已有通行中譯本，原則上按已有中譯本譯出，但允許譯者有所修改和合理調整。引文量較大者，請譯者注明出自何種中譯本。
For the quotations in the original, if they come from the classic works, and if the classic works have been translated into Chinese, in principle, according to the existing Chinese version, but allow the translator to modify and adjust reasonably. If the number of quotations is large, please translate the Chinese version.
9.冷僻詞的處理
9. dealing with obscure words
對于原文一些較為生僻難譯的詞，建議譯者盡量在譯文后括注出原文，以便于讀者理解。
For some of the more difficult words in the original, the translator is advised to annotate the original as far as possible after the translation so as to facilitate readersunderstanding.
10.邊碼標注方式
10. side code marking method
這是學術翻譯作品所特有的翻譯規范，因為學術作品最后往往附有關鍵詞索引或者人名索引，通常這些索引的頁碼并不根據譯文重新制作，而是保留原書頁碼。
This is the special translation criterion of academic translation works, because academic works often end up with keyword index or person name index, usually these index pages are not reproduced according to the translation, but retain the original book page number.
以上是樂文翻譯為大家介紹的關于文學著作翻譯需要注意的十個問題，除此之外，索引和參考文獻也是大家需要注意的重點，希望小編的總結對大家有所幫助。
The above are the ten questions that Lewen has translated for you about the translation of literary works, in addition, the index and reference literature is also the focus of attention, I hope the summary of the short edition will be helpful to everyone.
——選自：樂文翻譯
樂文翻譯目前是國內最大的翻譯機構之一，公司秉承“誠信 專業”的服務理念，為國內外客戶提供一流服務。了解更多信息：請發郵箱：abc@lewene.com或直接致電：400-895-6679咨詢。